Immigration Law for Foreign Professionals in Turkey: Work Permit and Residency Rules

Turkey has become a growing destination for foreign professionals due to its strategic location and expanding economy. However, navigating Turkish immigration law, especially regarding work permits and residency rules, can be complex. This guide outlines the essential steps and legal requirements for foreign professionals seeking to live and work in Turkey, focusing on the latest regulations in 2024.

Who Needs a Work Permit?

• All foreign nationals who wish to work in Turkey must obtain a valid work permit, regardless of their profession. Exceptions are limited to certain diplomats, researchers, and individuals with diplomatic immunity.

Types of Work Permits:

• Temporary Work Permit: Typically granted for one year and is tied to a specific employer. It can be renewed for up to three years with the same employer.
• Independent Work Permit: Issued to foreigners who wish to work independently in Turkey, such as freelancers or business owners.
• Permanent Work Permit: After eight years of continuous residence with a valid work permit, foreigners may apply for a permanent work permit, which offers more flexibility in employment.

Application Process:

• The employer must submit the application through the Ministry of Labor and Social Security (MLSS). Required documents include proof of the employment offer, the foreigner’s qualifications, and evidence that the job cannot be filled by a Turkish national. The process typically takes several weeks, and the applicant can only start working after approval.

Types of Residency Permits:

• Foreign nationals working in Turkey must also apply for a residency permit. There are several types of permits, depending on the purpose of stay:

  • Short-Term Residence Permit: Granted for employment, study, or property ownership, it is valid for up to two years and can be renewed.
  • Long-Term Residence Permit: After eight years of continuous residence, foreigners may apply for a long-term residence permit, which offers indefinite stay rights.
  • Family Residence Permit: Family members of foreign professionals can apply for this permit, allowing them to reside in Turkey under the primary permit holder’s status.

Application Process:

• Residency permit applications must be submitted to the Directorate General of Migration Management (DGMM), along with required documents like the work contract, health insurance, and proof of accommodation. Applications can now be submitted online for faster processing.